Type-writing machine



(No Model.) -4 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. RICHARDSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 448,99. Patented Mar. 24, 1891. S ,E' .1.

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Meg/MI BY M ATTORNB.

THE connus frans co., Puma-urna., wAsmumun, o. c.

(No Model.) Y 4 sheets-sheet 2.

' .J. RICHARDSON.

TYPE `WRITING MACHINE.

No. 448,996. Patented Mar. 24, 1891.

y .my 4f Ik INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

'J. RIGHAIMJSO1\I.` TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Mar. 24, 1891.

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TYPEWRITING MACHINE. No. 448,996.. Patented Mar. 24, 1891..

WITNESSES: IN VENTOR:

ATTORNEYS.

f UNITED STATES ATENT p Fries.

JAMES RICHARDSON, OF NORTII TARRYTOIVN, NET YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPEOFCATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 448,996, dated March 24,1891.

Appiiman'fnd June 15, 1886.

T0 @ZZ whom t may con/cern:

Be it known that I, JAMES RICHARDSON, of North Tarrytown, in the countyof Vestchester and State of New York, have invented a new and ImprovedType-Writing Machine, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming a part thereof, inwhich- Figure l is a plan view of my improved type-writing machine. Fig.2 is a longitudinal section taken on line fr as in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is adetail view of the type-space-regulating lever. Fig. 4 is an invertedplan view, (the bottom board removed,) parts being in section on theline @c .r, Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line y y inFig. 4. Fig. G is a side elevation of the escapement. Figs. 7 and S arevertical transverse sections of the type-wheel-operating mechanism. Fig.I) is a horizontal section taken on line .e in Fig. 8. Fig. lO is avertical transverse section of the turret, showing the brake mechanism.Fig. ll is an inverted plan view of portions of the paper-feeding,printing, and letter-spacing mechanisms. Fig. 12 isa detail view of thesleeveand arm on the rockshaft of the paper-carriage. Fig. 13 isavertical transverse sectional view, parts being broken away, of thecasing-drums 0 J, their springs, shaft N, its pinion, and part of thespur-wheel M; and Fig. la is a detail view showing a portion of the drum.I in full lines and part ot' the spur-wheel M in dotted lines.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in thedifferent figures of the drawings.

The object of my invention is to make a type-writing machine in whichthe movementsl of the type, paper, inking apparatus, and printing-presswill be effected by power called into action by but not applied throughthe keys, in which the type, ink, and paper may be readily changed, inwhich the uniformity of the impression will not be affected by varyingpressure upon the keys, in which the spacing of the letters may beuniform, and the writing always visible to the operator as it goesforward.

My invention consists in mechanism whereby stored power may be used togive an oscillatory motion to a type-wheel to bring the desired letter'opposite the platen or roller for serial No. 205.230. (No man.)

printing, and in combination therewith of mechanism similarly actuatedfor producing an impression, and in various novel features ofconstruction, whereby correct spacing, uniform inking, a uniformimpression, and rapid operation are secured.

. The frame or body of the machine is preferably formed of a rectangularcase A, which incloses the greater portion of the mechanism.

The key-levers a are bent at a right angle and are fulcrumcd on the rodB, supported above the top of the casing A by suitable standards. Eachkey-lever is provided with a spring c, arranged to return the key to itsnormal position after having been depressed. The keylevers are made ofdifferent lengths to provide space for the finger-pieces d, which aremounted on short standards e, secured to the free ends of the levers.The arms f of the key-levers d project downward into the casing Athrough a slot made in the casing for that purpose and carry near theirlower ends a small adjusting-screw g.

From the under surface of the top of the casing A are suspended threeoscillating bars h j from vertical arms h 'j, the arms being pivoted onstuds la, projecting inward from opposite sides of the case A. The threebars 7L j lie in the paths of the armsf'of the key-levers d, so thatwhen the keys are de pressed the bars are swung on their pivots more orless, according to the requirements of the letter or characterrepresented by the key. The lower bar j, which is-directly opposite theseries of screws g, is tapered from the middle each way toward its ends,being narrowest at the ends, and this bar is arranged to be pushedbackward more or less by a key, according to the location of t-he keyrelative to the tapered bar j, and through mechanism presentlyto bedescribed to limit the movement of the type-wheel, and so determine theletter to be printed.

Opposite the center of the key-board and near the rear side of themachine a turret C is secured to the upper surface of the casing A, andconcentric with the turret upon the under surface of the top of thecasing is secured a hollow supporting-cylinder D. This cylinder1 D isprovided with a head E, inV

which is journaled the lower end of the ver- IOO tical spindle F, whichis arranged axially in the turret and in the hollow cylinder, and isalso journaled in the thickened portion of the top of the casing A. Thespindle F is free to rotate and carries at its upper end a flangedcollar G, arranged to slide thereon. To the upper flange of this collaris fitted a type-wheel II, having a rim which extends downward over theouter surface of the turret C a sufficient distance to receive one ormore rows of type-faces. The type-wheel H is apertured to receive aregistering-pin projecting from the upper flange of the collar Gr, andthe wheel is clamped on the collar by a nut l, turning on the threadedupper end of the collar. The turret C is grooved circumferentially nearits upper edge to receive an annular spring m, which is slit andprovided on opposite sides of the slit with pins n, which projectinwardly through a notch o, formed in the edge of the turret.

In a longitudinal slot p, formed in the side of the turret C, isarranged a rod q, which passes upward through a guide fr, formed in thematerial of the turret between the slot p and the notch o, and isprovided on its upper end in the notch o with a double wedge or dartshaped head s, which extends upward between the pins fn. The lower endof the rod has itsbearingin the casing. Upon a threaded portion of therod q in the slot p is placed a n ut t, from which is suspended a spiralspring u, which surrounds the rod q and carries a-t its lower end acollar e, which rests normally on the pin tu, passing transverselythrough the rod.

The spindle F is provided with a longitudinal slot a', in which ispivoted a latch b on the pin c. The upper end of the latch is curvedtoward the side of the spindle. and is beveled at its extremity, asindicated in Fig. 9. rlhe end of the latch below the pivoted pin c isprovided with an offset slot d', the upper and lower portions of theslot being connected by acentral inclined portion e. A collarf surroundsthe spindle F, an d is provided with a transverse pin g', which passesthrough a slot h, arranged in the spindle at right angles to the slot a.The pin also extend through the slot d of the latch b', so tha when thecollar f is slid up or down on the spindle the engagement of the pin g',carried by the collar, with the inclined portion e of the slot in thelatch will cause the latch to be turned on its pivot suiiiciently toproject the upper end of the latch into or withdraw it from an internallongitudinal groove in the collar G. The collar j" is grooved eircuinferentially and embraced by a ring i, secured to an arm j', carried on theupper end of a rod 7c', the said rod passing through a hole Z in the topof the easing A parallel with the spindle F. The opposite end of the armj extends toward the rod q and is forked to embrace the rod below thecollar r.

Upon the spindle F, above the head E, is secured a pinion m', and belowthe head E a spur-wheel n', secured to the spindle F, is inclosed by acap o', secured to the head E. In the cap o and head E is journaled aspindle p', having upon its upper end a wide-faced pinion q', which isbored axially to receive the end of the rod It. The lower end of the rodk is grooved circinnferentially to receive a pin y1", projecting fromthe inner surface ot' the pinion q.

In the spindle p is formed a spiral groove s', and between the cap o andthe head E and upon the spindle p" is loosely placed a pinion t',provided with a pin a', which projects into the spiral groove s of thespindle p.

A rack-bar fr', passing through holes in the walls of the hollowcylinder D, is held in engagement with the long pinion q. One end of therack-bar is connected with a spring w', which in turn is connected withthe back of the casing A. The opposite end of the rackbar n is turneddownward and connected by the wirad with the bar On the stud b,projecting from the under surface of the top of the casing, isjournaleda sleeve c, to the lower end of which is se cured a lever I, having twoarms d c". The arm e carries a toothed sector f, which engages thepinion m on the spindle F. The arm d is slotted and carries a stud g.

To the under surface of the top of the casing A is secured a drum J, inthe center of which is journaled a shaft K, connected with one end of avolute spring L, the opposite end of which is secured to the rim of thespurwheel M. Upon the end of the shaft K, projectingbelow the head ofthedrum, are secured a ratchet-wheel h" and a miter-wheel 1I". Theratchet-wheel is engaged by a pawl j, pivoted to the head of the drum J,and is pressed into engagement with the ratchetwheel by a spring k". Theruiter-wheel fi is engaged by a similar ruiter-wheel l on the end of ashaft m, journaled in bearings supported by the head of the drum J andin bearings in the wall of the casing A, the end of the shaft outside ofthe casing being squared to receive the key by which the spring L'iswound. Inside the casing A the shaft mf is provided with the wheel yy2to receive a strap forwinding with power. On the inner end of the shaftK is loosely placed a spur-wheel M,

and in bearings formed in the side of the drum J at a point opposite thestud g, carried bythe lever I, is journaled a tubular shaft N, carryinga pinion fa", which meshes into the spur-wheel M. Within the lower endof the tubular shaft N, and below the head of the drum J, is looselyplaced the short spindle of of a drum o, containing a spring p, one endof which is secured to the inner wall of the drum, theopposite end beingattached to the shaft N. The spindle o9 is engaged by a screw 010, thehead of which rests on the shoulder N', formed within the upper end ofthe tubular shaft N, thereby loosely supporting the drum. The winding ofthe springp is arranged relative to that of the ICO lIO

spring L, so that the spring Il, acting through' the shaftN, alwaystends towind thespringp In the lower face of the drum o is insertedA acrank-pin q, which receives one end of a connecting-rod 1', the'oppositeend of which is received on the stud g of the lever I. A circular frames is attached to the head of the drum J and partlysurrounds the drum o.vTo the frame s is secured a dat springt", which extends partly aroundthe periphery of the drum o and is bent outward radially from thesurface of the drum, forming an arm u, the outer end of which is bentover at an obtuse angle, as shown in Fig 4. In the periphery of the drumo is inserted a stud o, which projects a short distance from the drumand is received in a slot formed in the springi t near the angle of thearm u.

To the head of the drum J is pivoted an angled lever O, having two armsw The arm w carries at its extremity a trip-pawl a3, arranged to swingon the pivot b3 and pressed by a spring c3, so that when the lever O ispulled in one direction the pawl t3 engages the bent end of the arm u ofthe spring t and disengages the spring from the stud o permitting thedrum o to turn. The continued forward motion of the lever O disen-Agages the pawl a3 from the end of the spring t, and the spring by itsown elasticity immediately returns into contact with the periphery ofthe drum o, so that when the drum has completed one revolution the stud`v again enters the slot of the spring t and is arrested by engagementwith the spring at the end of the slot. IVhen the lever O is returned tothe point of starting, the pawl a3 passes the angled end of the arm aand is again ready for engagement therewith. The extremity of the arm 0cof the lever O is connected by a wire cs with the bar t'. A spiralspring d3, connected at one end with the arm of the lever O and at theopposite end with the head of the drum J, serves to return the lever Oto the point of starting after having been moved to permit of a singlerevolution of the drum 0. Each'revolution of the drum o causes the leverI to make one complete oscillation, and in so doing to carry the pinionm and spindle F through a little more than one complete revolution ineach direct-ion. The movement in excess of a complete revolution is madeequal to the spindle movement required to operate the latch and brakemechanism, thus making it possible to utilize an entire circle of typeon the type-wheel. The storage of power in the spring p, contained bythe drum o, permits of the rapid rotation of the drum and the quickback-audforth movement of the lever I on account of the small inertia ofthe parts immediately connected with the execution of this move. ment.

The rear of the casing A'is rabbeted and provided with a groove e3 forreceiving the ratchet-bar f3, forming one side of the frame P of thepaper-carriage Q.

Upon the stud g3, projecting from the under surface of the top of thecasing A, isjournaled a sleeve h4, provided with an arm fis, which isconnected by a wire L7'3 with the lower end of the independentspacing-key b. The upper end of the sleeve hl carries a forked arm 7c3,on which is pivoted a pawl Z3, capable of engaging the ratchet-loarfs,of the papercarriage. The pawl Z3 is pressed into engagement with theratchet-bar f3 by the spring mS when the arm 7c3 is moved forward in theact of feeding, but is kept normally out of engagement with theratchet-bar by a pin 'm3,

.projecting from the under surface of the top l of the casing A, so thatwhen the independent spacing mechanism is not in use it does not in anyway interfere with the free movement of the paper-carriagein eitherdirection.

The sleeve c, to which the lever I is attached, is provided with twoarms 03193, proj ecting from the sleeve approximately at right angles toeach other. To the arm d is pivoted a hooked pawl g3, which engages theratchet-bar f3, and is provided with a spring r3, which presses on therabbeted portion of the casing and tends to throw the pawl intoengagement with the ratchet-bar. The pawl qs is beveled or angled onopposite sides of the point which engages the ratchet-bar for engagementwith the stud s3, projecting downward from the under surface of thecasingtop, and the iin ger t3, projecting from the side of therock-shaft its, the said rock-shaft being provided at its lower end withan arm fus, which is connected by a wire w3 with the swinging. bar h. Itwill thus be seen that the turning of the shaft ug will cause the fingert3 to engage one of the beveled surfaces in the pawl q3 sooner or later,and thus determine when the pawl g3 will be disengaged from theratchet-bar f3, thus rendering the feed of the paper-carriage variable.q

The amount of motion transmitted to the rock-shaft 11,3 is determinedbythe distance through which any particular key swings the bar h, andthis distance is regulated by varying the width of the bar opposite theseveral key-levers lo produce thc desired difference in feed for thedifferent letters. The bar h, when regulating the feeding mechanism inthe manner described, if engaged by a key which is to print a wide or anarrow letter` will be moved adistance corresponding to the requirementsof that letter, and the forward movement of the carriage will be stoppedwhen the pawl is disengaged from the ratchetbar by striking the fingert3.

To the varm p3 is pivoted one end of the link wi, which is apertured toallow it to pass around the rock-shaft a3. The opposite end of the linkis pivotally connected to ay lever R, which is fulcrumed on a rod d4,passing through a guide b4, secured to the under surface of the casingtop. The rod extends through the side of the casing and is received in aswivel-nut c4, by means of which the rod may be moved lengthwise ineither direction.

IOO

IIO

The lever R is provided with a slot (Z4. The slotted portion of thelever R extends across a slot c4 in the top of the casing A.

The paper-carriage Q carries a shaft S, which is grooved throughout itsentire length, the groove being shown in cross-section only in Fig. 2,and which carries at its ends arms f 4, and between the ends and withinthe carriage is placed a sleeve g4, which carries an arm h5, passingdownward through the slot e* in the top ot' the casing and entering theslot d'l of the lever R. The sleeve gL is journaled in supports t,(shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) secured to the top of the casing atopposite sides of the slot el. The paper-carriage, when moved back andforth in its guides, carries the shaft S through thc sleeve g, and whenthe sleeve g'4 is turned by the action of the lever R on the arm h5 theshaft is made to rock by the engagement of a feather carried by thesleeve and entering the groove of the shaft.

In the arms f", which are secured to opposite ends ot the shaft outsideof the frame of the paper-carriage, are received the journals of theimpression-roller T, and in ears `7"*,projecting from the front edges ofthe arms f", is j ournaled a roller k", which bears lightly against theroller T and serves to guide the paper upward in front of the type-wheelIl.

To the arms f4, which are prolonged be yond the bearings ot' the rollerT, are pivoted the arms l, which are formed on or attached to the bar m,which serves as a guide and check for the paper which passes between theroller and the bar mi, and the said bar is graduated to form a scale fora guide for writing. The bar thus pivoted is arranged eccentrically withreference to its pivots, so that when it is turned on its pivots it willbe lifted from the face of the roller T.

On opposite sides of the turret C are journaled the shafts n* 04. Theshaft n" is provided with a ratchet-wheel p, and above the ratchetavheelan arm qi is loosely placed on the shaft and carries a spring-acted pawlr", which engages the ratchet-wheel 17.*. The arm q* is oscillated by arod s", secured to the arm tt of the lever I, which arm projects througha curved slot in the top of the casing A and is received in an aperturein the free end ot the arm g4. The shaft n is squared above theratchet-wheel p* to receive a bobbin t, to which is attached one end ofthe inkingribbon tot.

Upon the shaft o1 is loosely placed a bobbin t5, which contains theinking-ribbon. The bobbins t* t5 are interchangeable, and when by theaction of the pawl and ratchet the inkiug-ribbon is unwound from thebobbiu t5 and wound upon the bobbin t* the bobbins may be interchangedand the ribbon will be rewound upon the bobbin t,

At the rear of the type-wheel are arranged two wire springs '151, overwhich the inkingribbon a* is stretched in its passage from one bobbin tothe other. These wire springs have only enough strength to prevent theinking ribbon from touching the type-wheel when the type-wheel isrevolving and no impression is being taken. 'lhe wire springs t arecurved outwardly at the lower portion of the vertical part to preventthe ink-ribbon from falling and are bent forward and secured to the topof the casing A in position to be engaged by the roller la* when thesaid roller, together with the paper-roller T, is pushed forward in theoperation of printing, so that at the instant of taking the impressionfrom the wheel H the ribbon u* closely envelops the portion of thetype-wheel nearest the roller T, and is thus prevented from touching thepaperroller, except at a point opposite the character from which theimpression is taken.

Vhen it is desirable to print directly from the type-wheel without theemployment of an ink-ribbon, I provide ink-rollers fw", which arechambered around their peripheries and provided with a perforatedcovering af, over which is stretched a cloth or felt band a, which iskeptusatu rated with printing-ink carried in the cavity of the roller.The inked surface rolls in contact with the periphery of the type-wheeland supplies the type with ink.

The ratchet-bar fhas a longitudinal groove,

in which is adj ustably secured a stud b5, which projects a shortdistance above the top of the casing A, and upon the upper end of ashaft c5, journaled vertically in the casing, is secured an arm d5,which projects over the ratchet-bar frs and into the path of the studb5. The lower end of the shaft ci is provided with an arm c5, which isconnected by a wire f5 with one arm ot the bell-crank lever g, pivotedto the head of the drum J. The other' arm of the bell-crank lever may bebrought into the path of the escapement-lever O by the touching of thearm d5 by the stud b5, thus preventing the return of the lever() to thepoint ot' starting, and in this manner stopping the action of themachine at a point in the writing determined bythe position of the studZf".

So long as the type-wheel 1I revolves in its normal position onlylower-case type will be brought into use, and when it is desirable toprint capitals the type-wheel must be raised. To accomplish this, thecollar G is provided with a iiange h6, which is received in the grooveof a roller turning on the upper end of a rodj, which passes through ahole in the top of the casing, and is provided at its lower end with ahead 79"', between which and the under surface of the casing is placed asprin g m5. The rodj'3 is notched in opposite sides to receive theforked end of the capitalizingkey lever G', which is pivoted instandards a5 and projects through a slot in the turret C. Thecapitalizing-key lever G' is arranged opposite the spacing-key lever I)in the mid- IBO dle of the key-board, so as to permit of depressing thesaid capitalizing-key lever, if desirable, si multaneonsly with thetype-keys.

To prevent the rack-bar o from moving during the excursion of the leverI, an eccentric-lever o5 is pivoted in ears projecting from the side ofthe hollow cylinder D, the arm of the lever projecting into the path ofthe toothed sector f, carried by the lever I. The lever o5 is pressedinto engagement with the rack-bar o( by a curved spring p5, secured tothe cylindrical casing D.

The paper-carriage Q. carries standards g5, which support a paper-guideT5, consisting of a plate of metal inclined at a suitable angle andcurved forward under the roller T toward the contact of the roller K4with the roller T.

The operation of my improved type-writin g machine is as follows: Themainspring L being wound and paper slipped into place on theprinting-roller T, the key representing the character to be printed isdepressed. The arm fof the key-lever engages the bar 7' during thekprescribed portion of its forward swing, drawing forward proportionallythe rack-bar fo, rotating the shaft p', and raising the arm j', thusshifting the pin g to such a position with reference to the part c ofthe cam-slot d that the type-wheel will be detached from the spindle andheld in position for printing when the letter of the key is opposite theprinting-roller. The bar h, being also engaged by the key-lever, turnsthe rock-shaft its by means of the wire 105 and brings the finger t3into a position which will detach the paper-carriage-feeding pawl g3from the ra't'ch` et-bar f3 when the paper-carriage has been movedthrough the space required for the letter about to be printed. The samemove ment of the key-lever brings it into engagement with the bar 7'.,which draws back the arm fr of the lever O, releasing the spring t fromthe stud o, allowing the drum o to make one revolution. During theforward movement of the crank carried by the drum the lever I is swungon its pivot, turning the spindle F through the engagement of thesectorf with the pinion m on the spindle, and by the connection of thespindle F with the pinion t through the spur-wheel n', carried by thespindle, the shaft p', rod k', and arm 7" are raised by the rotation. ofthe pin a in the spiral groove of the shaft p the shaft being preventedfrom rotation by the engagement of the rack-bar t" with the pinion q.When the collar f', which is lifted by the arm j, is raised suiicientlyto bring the pin g', carried by the collar,into engagement with theinclined-portion e of the slot d in the latch o', the latch is withdrawnfrom the slot in the collar G, and at the same instant the annularspring m is expanded by the engagement of the double-wedge-shaped head swith the pins n, the rod q, carrying the head s, being forced upward bythe engagement of the arm j with the collar fu, attached to the springu. The

expansion of the annular spring on in this manner creates sufficientfriction between the spring and the inner surface of the typewheel toinstantly arrest the motion of the type-wheel. After the arrest of thetypewheel in the proper position for printing the letter of the keydepressed the spindle F, being detached from the collar G, continues torotate. The forward movelnent of the arm e" of the lever I moves thelever R through the medium of the connecting-link 105, and the lever Rimparts motion to the arm h", turning the sleeve g4, thereby rocking theshaft S of the paper-carriage and moving the roller T,with the papercarried thereby, forward toward the type-wheel; but before tlie contactof the paper with the type-wheel or with the ribbon interposed betweenthe typewheel and paper the lsprings e* are pushed back by the roller7a4, so that only that portion of the inking-ribbon u* which is incontact with the type to be printed is pressed by the roller T as it isbrought forward by the continued forward motion of the parts, as alreadydeseribed. During the latter half of the revolution of the drum 0 themotion of the lever I is reversed, turning the spindle F in a reversedirection, and when the spindle reaches the point at which the latch bwas withdrawn from the collar G the reverse movement of the mechanismrequired to withdraw the latch returns it to its position in the collar,so that the collar is engaged by the latch, and the type-wheel,simultaneously released by the spring m, is returned to the point ofstarting. The spring n?. contracts as soon as the collar n is relievedof the pressure of the arm j', as the rod q then drops partly by theaction of gravity and partly by the pressure of the pins n. n,projecting from the spring m. The release of the brakespring miseffected by the withdrawal of the front end of the bar j from thecollar, the pressure. of the pins n n, projecting from the spring m,upon the sides of the head s being sufficient to force the headsfrombetween the pins, and thus allow the spring m to contract. Thereverse movement of the printing-lever carries the printing-roller awayfrom the typewheel and releases the springs et, so that both the paperand the ink-ribbon are removed from the face of the wheel before thewheel is re-engaged for its return. Before escapement is released andthe leverI set in motion the cam-lever o5 is kept out of engagementwith4 the rack-bart1 by the lever, so that the rack-bar is free to move;but the first movement of the lever I releases the cam-lever o,

allowing it to grip the rack-bar r and hold it until the return of thelever I to the point of starting. Thus, although the finger maybeslipped from the key before the work it has initiated is completed, therack-bar o cannot stir until the rei-engagement ofthe type-wheel iseffected and all the po-wermoved parts have returned to the position ofrest. Then IOC.

IIO

it is desired to employ a capital letter, the capitalizing-key G' isdepressed, carrying up -the type-wheel and bringing the row of capitalletters into position for printing. Theindependent spacing is etleetedby depressing the key-lever l) in the manner already described. Thespring L is wound from time to time by hand or continuously by power,and the power thus furnished is employed in effecting the movement ofthe typewheel and the press action, thereby reducing the work ofthe keysmainly to releasing the escapeineiit. At the end of tlieliiie or at anyother time when the machine is at'rest (the pawls being then normallydetached from the iatclietbar f3) the papercarriage may he easily movedback to the point of starting or forward at will. The line-spacingiseffected by means of alever pivoted to oneof the arms zo j or thepaper-carriage, and carrying a springacted pawl i'", arranged to engagethe ratchet ufl, secured tothe shaft ot the roller T. The pawl t isprovided with an arm fc5, by which the pawl ina-y be disengaged from theratchet u. when desirable. The lever is provided with a forked arm m5,which extends down the side of the arm f4 upon opposite sides ol anadjustable stud rrr, the arms of the fork being iliade divergent, sothat the movements ot` the lever may be variously limited by theposition ot the stud in the fork irl. On moving the stud downward towardthe wider end of the fork the lever S5 will be movable through a greaterare and the spacing between the lilies made wider than when the stud isnearer the pivot of the lever. 'hen it is desirous to rapidly advancethe paper by the rollers 7c" T, the milled head y, secured to one of theaxles ofthe rollers T, is turned. To reverse the paper movement, thescale-bar in;l is lifted and the milled head turned in the oppositedirection.

It will be observed that the rim ot the typewheel is supported fromwithin by the turret at the :instant of printing, so that no strain isput upon the wheel or spindle. This construction permits of theemployment of a very light typewheel having little inertia.

By the use of a diivingspring between the motive power and printingmechanism I am enabled to secure a quick action ot' the said mechanism.

The adjustment of the lever R to accommodate different thicknesses ofpaper or several thicknesses and to regulate strength of the impressionis arranged so that the greatest leverage is secured when the strongestimpression is required.

The arrangement of the pa per-carriage with the sliding rock-shaft andan actuating-lever journaled in Iixed supports and receiving the slidingrock-shaft in the manner described permits of effecting the printingmovement by the oscillation of the paper-carrying roll of thepaper-carriage without obstructing the path of the paper or interferingwith the use of carbonized sheets for manitolding.

llaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, in a type-writer, of a spindle having areciprocating rotary motion, an oscillatory type-wheel loosely mountedon the spindle, and means, substantially as herein shown anddescribed,for disengagingthe typewheel from the spindle at anytime inthe rotation ot the spindle and re-engaging the type-wlieel on thereturn of the spindle to the point of disengagement.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a spindle having areciprocating rotary motion, an oscillatory type-wheel mounted looselyon the spindle, means, siibstan tially as described, for engaging thetype-wheel d nring a portion ot or the whole of a revolution ot' thespindle and disengagiiig the type-wheel during any further rotation ot'the spindle, and brake mechanism, substantially as described, forarresting the motion of the typewheel when disengaged from the spindle,substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, in a type-writiiig inachine, of atype-wliee1carrying spindle provided witli a pinion and an oscillatinglever furnished with a toothed sector adapted to engage the pinion ofthe type-wheel-carrying spindle, the power-driven crank and a rodconnecting the crank with the oscillating lcver, and an escapeineiit forsecuring the releasing and stopping of the crank at the beginning andend of each revolution, substantiall y as shown and described.

et. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion, with the oscillatorytype-wheel-operatin g lever, of a hollow drinn mounted looselyon apower-driven shaft, a spring connect-iiig the drum with the shaft, anescapement for permitting successive isolated revolutions of the drum,and mechanism, substantially as described, intermediate between the drumand the oscillating type-wheel-actuating lever.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the spindle F, arrangedto rotate alternately in opposite directions, and the sleeve G, mountedloosely on the spindle, the typewheel Il', carried by the sleeve andprovided with rows of type or characters, the latch b',

pivoted in the spindle and adapted to engage the sleeve G during a partor the whole of a revolution, the capitalizing-key Gr', and intermediatedevices, substantially as described, for shifting vthe position of thesleeve G and type-wheel Il, substantially as shown and described.

G. The coinbinatioii,with the type-wlieel 1I, having adownwardly-projecting rim, of the turret C, grooved circumferentiallynear its upper end, a slit annular spring m, placed in the groove of theturret, and means, substaiitially as described, for expanding the slitspring against the inner surface of the rim of the type-wheel,substantially as shown aiid described.

TOO

IIO

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the rotatingtypewheel, the circumferentially-grooved turret C, and the spring m,provided with inwardly-projecting pins n, of the rod q, having awedge-shaped head, and means, substantially as described, for moving therod q upward and bringing the wedge-shaped head into engagement with thepins of the annular spring.

8. In a typewriter, the combination, with the brake-spring 1n, of thetype-wheel brakeoperating rod q, provided with the nut t, mounted on thethreaded portion of the rod, the spring` u, suspended from the nut andsurrounding the rod, the collar o, attached to the free end ofthe springu and surrounding the rod q, forming a yielding contact for therod-operating arm, and means, substantially as described, for moving thecollar r, substantially as shown and described.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination ofthe type-wheel ll, thespindle F, provided with longitudinal slots a 7L, arranged at rightangles with each other, the latch Z1', pivoted in the slot c andprovided with an offset slot d, the circumferentially-grooved collar fsurrounding the spindle and provided with the Vpin g', passing throughthe sloth ofthe spindle and through the slot d of the latch b', thearmj, encircling' the collar f', and provided with a forked end looselyembracing the rod q, the rod k', supported parallel with the spindle,the spirallygrooved shaft p', swiveled to the rod 7c', the pinion t,provided with the pin u, entering the spiral groove of the shaft p', andthe pinion n on the spindle F, arranged to mesh with the pinion t',substantially as shown, and described.

]O. In atype-writing machine, the combination et the slit spring m,provided with the pins n, the rod q, provided with the Wedgeshaped heads, the nut t, spring u, and collar fu, the arm j, the rod k', carryingthe arm,the spirallygrooved shaft p', the pinion t', provided with thepin n', projecting into the groove of the shaft, the pinion n', engagingthe pinion t', the spindle F, the rotating typewheel, and mechanism forimparting alternate rotary motions to the spindle F, substantially asshown and described.

Il. In a type-writing machine, the combination, with the rod 7c', thespirally-grooved shaft p', and the pinion t', provided with the pin u',projecting into the spiral groove of the shaft p', of the elongatedpinion q, attached to or formed on the shaft p', the spring-retractedrack-bar c, the connectingwire c, the swinging bar j, the series ofkeyleve'rs c, and the type-wheel having rows ot type or characters,spindle F, and means, substantially as set forth, for operating saidspindie, substantially as shown and described.

l2. In a power-driven type-writing machine, the combination, with theratchet-barl f3, the powenactuated oscillatingplever I, the

arm 0', carried thereby, andV the connectingrod r, and spring-actuatedcrank-wheel o, of the spring-acted pawl qi, arranged to engage theratchet-bar, substantially as shown and described.

1.3. The combination, with the ratchet-bar f3 and bent pawl g3, arrangedto engage the ratchet-bar, and means, substantially as described, forreciprocating the pawl, of the rock-shaft a3, provided with the fingert3, the arm ci, the notched bar 7L, conn ecting-rod, and the series ofkey-levers a, whereby the time of the disengagement of the pawl qfromthe ratchet-barf3 is varied according to the width of the letter to beprinted, substantially as shown and described.

I4. The combination, with the lever I andthe arm p3, connectedtherewith, of the slotted lever R, the adjustable fulcrum-rod ai, thelink ur", connecting the lever R and the arm p3, the sleeve g4,journaled in xed supports, the arm h5, carried by the sleeve andentering the slot of the lever R, and the grooved rockshaft S, journaledin the paper-carriage, the arms f '1, and the paper-roller T,substantially as described.

l5. The combination, with the paper-roller T, of the ratchet lui, theforked angled lever S5, pivoted to the arm f4 and provided with a hookedpawl for engaging the ratchet, and the adjustable stud 5v5, projectingfrom the arm f4 through the forked end of the lever s, substantially asshown and described.

16. The combination, with the paper-carriage Q and lever O, of anadjustable stud b5, carried by the ratchet-bar f3, the rock-shaft c5,journaled in the casing A and provided at its upper and lower ends witharms d5 e5, the arm d5 extending into the path of the stud b, an angledlever g5, pivoted to the head of the drum J, and a wire f5, connectingthe arm e with the lever g5, substantially as described.

17. The combination, with the pinion of the type-wheel-shiftingmechanism, of the rackbar c', the springacted eccentric-lever 05, andthe oscillating lever I, the eccentric-lever extending into the path ofthe oscillating lever I, substantially as described.

18. In a power-driven type-writer, the combination, with a type-wheeland the impression devices acting in connection therewith, of a maindriving-spring, an intermediate spring connected withand kept undertension by said mainspring, and mechanism connecting the saidintermediate spring with the said type-wheel and impression devices,substantially as set forth.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combi` nation, with the printingmechanism, substantially as described, and a lever I for operating it,of the paper-carriage having a rock-shaft on which it slides, a lever R,operated by the lever I and connected with the said rock-shaft forrocking it, and an adjust` able fulcrum for said lever R, whereby itsthrow may be adjusted and rock-shaft rocked ICQ IIO

t0 :L greater o1l less degree thereby, Subsi'zml the rock-Shaft S, andthe :um h,- zlinlaehed te tally as set forth. the Sleeve g,substantially :1S shown :md de- O. In a type-Writing machine, theeombiscribed.

nation, with the paper-carriage Q, of a roek- JAMES RICHARDSON.

shaft- S, movable with the paper-carriage and Witnesses:

rollelhplaten T, a centrally-ervanged sleeve GEO. M. HOPKINS,

g", jourunled in fired Supports and receiving' EDW. M. CLARK.

